Julius Caesar Lemchan Thawnthu Thlirna

Lemchan thawnthu mai ni lo, thu leh hla lama mi ropui William Shakespeare-a hian lemchan thawnthu 37 lai a ziak a. Heng a lemchan thawnthu ziah te hi an hunlai mai ni lo, tun hun thleng pawha khawvel lemchan thawnthu \ha zinga chhiar hmaih theih hauh loh te an ni hlawm. Shakespeare-a hian thawnthu hlui behchhanin lemchan thawnthu a ziak nual a, chung zinga hmingthang tak pakhat chu Julius Caesar hi a ni.

I.          William Shakespeare

English mi lemchan thawnthu leh hla phuah thiam William Shakespeare hi kum 1564 April ni 26 khan Stratford-upon-Avon-ah apiang a. John Shakespeare leh Mary Shakespeare te fa a ni a, kum 18 a nihin Anne Hathaway nen inneiin fa pathum an nei a. Kum 1585 a\angin lemchan lamah a inhmang chho a, lemchangtu leh thawnthu ziaktu nih a kawp a, a hnuah ama pualin lemchangtu pawl King’s Men a din nghe nghe a ni. A kutchhuak tam ber te hi kum 1958 leh 1613 inkara mi te an ni hlawm a, a bul\anna ber pawh comedy leh historical play lam a ni ber. Kum 1616 April ni 23 khan kum 52 mi niin a boral ta a ni.

A kutchhuak te hi a boral hnuah a \hian John Heminges leh Henry Condell te chuan kum 1623 khan ‘First Folio’ tiin an ti chhuak a. Mi dang ang lo takin Shakespeare-a hi an hun hmalama lemchan thawnthu ziaktu dangte ngaihpawimawh, lemchan thawnthu ziak dan ruangam Greek mi Aristotle-a lo zam tawh kal pel hmasatu leh romanticism bul \antu ang hiala ngaih theih a ni a.

II.         Julius Caesar

Kum BC 44 hunlaia Rom lal ropui Julius Caesar-a chanchin behchan lemchan thawnthu William Shakespeare a ziah  hi kum 1599 vela a ziak niin a lang a. He lemchan mipui en atana an chhuah \uma en ve Swiss khualzin Thomas Platter the Younger-a dairy a\anga a lan danin kum  1599, September ni 21 khan Globe Theatre-ah chan a ni a, kum 1623 khan First Falio-ah mipui chhiar theia chhuah a ni bawk. Shakespeare-a hian he lemchan thawnthu, Rom history behchana ziah hi Plutarch-a ziak ‘Life of Brutus’ leh ‘Life of Caesar’ tih a\anga a lak a ni bawk. Rome history atanga lemchan a ziah hi pathum zinga mi a ni a, a dang pahnihte chu Coriolanus leh Antony and Cleopatra tih te an ni.

Kan thlir tur Julius Caesar lemchan thawnthu hi Rom lal ropui pakhat tualthihna chanchin, a taka thil thleng ngei behchana ziak a ni a. He lemchan thawnthu hming kengtu Ceasar-a chu lal ni mai tura a awm laiin phiarrukna avangin a rorelna dawhkan kilpui ten an that ta a. Chu thihna chuan buaina thlenin amah thattu te leh mipuite inkarah buaina awm zelin a tawpah chuan Ceasara thattute pawh chu an boral ve ta vek bawk. He lemchanin a tarlan tum ber chu zahawmna, ram leh hnam hmangaihna leh in\hian \hatna chungchang te  a ni.

III.       Elements of Drama A\anga Thlirna

He lemchan thawnthu hi chiang zawka kan hriat theih nan lemchan thawnthu hmanraw pawimawh tak tak a\angin kan bih thuak thuak dawn a ni.

III.I                  Plot

Julius Caesar lemchan thawnthu hi Shakespere-a hian a lemchan thawnthu dang ang bawkin classical unities hnawlin he lemchan thawnthu pawh hi a rawn duang a. Classical hunlai chuan lemchan reng reng kha awmze nei leh kalphung nei thlapa chan leh duan a ni a. Greek ho dan hnuaiah lemchan kha a awm a ni ber. Chung hunah chuan critic lar John Dryden-a chuan classical kalhmang bansan a hun tawh zia ti hian a sawi a, “Greek ho chuan chuti chuan an ti emaw, ‘Aristotle-a chuan chuti chuan a ti’ tih ringawt inkhuahkhirhtir reng mai chu a veikhawrthlak deuh va. Mihring finna leh thiamna lo sang zelah hian tih dan thar kan chher chhuah a \ul a ni” (qtd in Literature Kawngpui, 202) Hei hi Shakespeare hian a rawn zawm hmasa ber a, romanticism bul \antu pawimawh tak a ni.

Plot hi lemchanah a pawimawh hle a, lemchan thawnthu ngaihnawmna hriltu ber a ni. Aristotle-a chuan “Tragedy lemchanah chuan thawnthu ruangam hi lemchan tinungtu thlarau a ni a” (qtd. In Literature Lamtluang,159) tiin a sawi a. Hei hi classical tragedy-ah chuan zawm pawh a hlawh hle reng a ni. Gutav Fregtag-a’n lemchan pianhmang hlawm a \hen - exposition, complication, climax, denouement leh solution or catastrophe hi a a tlanglawn ber a ni ta. He Freytag’s pyramid a\anga thlir hian he lemchan thawnthu ruangam indin dan hi a tha hle.

Thu bul phochhuahna (exposition) ah hian Flavius kawtthler lo langin hetah hian Ceasar-a ropuina leh a ral do haw lawmin mipui an lo pung khawm a. Scene II-ah chuan Ceasar a lo lang a, aienthiamin a hmalam hun atan fimkhur tura a chahna “March ni 15-ah hian fimkhur ang che” (Act 1, Scene I, 7) a tih kan hmu. Cassius-a leh Brutus-a te inbiakna kan hmu leh a, Cassius-a chuan Brutus-a rilru hneh tumin \an a khawh a, Ceasar-a thikna chu an nei ve ve tih a hriat a, Brutus-a erawh chuan, “…ka hmangaih a ni” (9) a ti bawk si. Cassius-a phunrukna “Aw Brutus, i va han ropui tak em! Amaherawhchu i pianze ropui tak chu anihna hmun ata \huai herin a la awm ngei dawn si a” (19, 20) tih kan hmu a. Anni hian a hnulam thil thleng tur chu an rawn chawk nung chho a. Lemchan kalhmang tur leh eng angin nge a kal zel dawn tih kan hre \an a, a hnu leh chhiar chakna min pe a ni.

Buaina a rawn inmung \an a Brutus-a chuan a \hian \ha Caesar-a chu ram han kaihruai tura rinna a nghah ngam loh zia kan hmu a. Caesar-a that turin ruahmanna an siam a, inphiarrukna thil a rawn lang \an a. Caesar-a chung thil thleng tur chu dan theih loh khawpin inphiarrukna chuan a rawn chim a. Hei buaina lo in\an chho leh inphiar rukna thil lo lang te hi complication kan tih kha a ni.

Act III, Scene I-ah March ni 15 ni chuan Capitol tual a lo lang a, Caesar-a’n ngaih\hat lohna nei mial lovin rorel-na in a lut a. Chutah chuan thihna chu a tawng ta a. Hei hi a thawnthuin a tawn sang ber climax a ni. Hemi hnu hian Anthony-a’n Caesar-a vuina huna a thusawi a\angin buaina chhan a lo lang \an a. Mipui te chu Caesar-a phuba lak tumin an phusa a, Brutus-a leh a \huihruaite erawh an tlanchhe ta tih kan hmu bawk. Scene III-ah chuan Brutus kan hmu a, an buaina chuan ralmuang takin a awm tir thei lo tih kan hmu. A hnuah chuan an buaina chuan a mal malin thihna ruamah a hnuk lut a. A tawpah chuan Brutus-a ngei pawh chu a chhiahhlawh zinga mi Octavius-a ngunhnamah a intihlum ve ta. (Act V Scene V) Tichuan, buaina chu chinfel a ni ta a, solution chu kan hmu ta a ni.

Hetiang a\anga kan thlir hian he lemchan thawnthu ruangam indin dan hi a fel fai tawk hle a. Thil thlen dan indawt chho leh thlirtu/chhiartu te tan pawha ngaihnawm leh hmuhnawm tak ni turin a din a ni.

III.II                 Character

            Lemchanah hian a changtute hi an pawimawh hle. Lemchan hmuhnawm leh hmuhnawm loh hriltu pawimawh tak an ni. He lemchanah hian mipui ni lo lemchangtu dang mi sawmthum panga bawr vel kan hmu a. A pawimawh leh langsar deuhte chu Caesar, Brutus, Cassius te leh roreltu midang lo lang te hi an ni awm e.

            Shakespeare-a hian lemchan thawnthu-a a changtu aduante hi mi chi hrang hrang, dinhmun in ang lo tak tak an ni tlangpui a. Lal leh roreltu te, mi chhia leh mi ropui tlengin a hmang dun \hin. He lemchanah pawh hian pheikhawk siamtu a\anga Aienthiam thlengin kan hmu a. Heng mite hian an mahni zawn \heuha pawimawhna an nei vek a, a thawnthu laimu tarlanna atan an \angkai vek a ni.

He lemchan hmingputu Julius Caesar-a hi lal ropui leh mahni inngaihlu tak, (Act II, Scence II, 44) a ni tih kan hmu a, amah ngeiin, “Caesar-a chuan thil a tihsual ve loh avangin a chhan \ha tawk a awm loh chuan a lungawi mai lovang tih hre ta che” tiin Metellus-a hnenah a sawi a. (Act III, Scenc I, 56) Tin, rilru leh taksa lama bawrhsawm tak (Act I, Scence II, 10) niin he lemchanah hian kan hmu a. A beng pakhat chu a chhet a ni tih kan hmu bawk. (15) Act I, Scenc II ah Casca thusawiah chuan, “…a thaw a chham \helh mai a, a thidang titih a, a \hu ta nghe nghe a” (17)tih kan hmu. Tin, puithuna thil ring deuh tlat a nih zia Anthony-a hnena a thusawi Calpurnia dek tura thurawn a pekna te, Capurnia-a’n a nupui mumang a hrilhlawkna a rin bur mai te hian a ti lang chiang hle. Heng zawng zawng avang hian a rorelna \hutphah kilpuite ngei pawhin an ring ngam lo a, phiarruka a lalna paih mai baka thih phah hiala a tuarna chhan a ni.

Dynamic character kan hmuh Brutus-a hi ram vei leh hruaitu dinhmun chelh thiam tak, mi thinchhia leh mahni zahawmna ngaipawimawh a nih zia kan hmu a. A nupui hnenah pawh an thil tum sawi duh loh zia te, amah ngeiin “ Kei aia manganna tuar thiam hi an awm bik lovang” (Act IV, Scene III, 100) tia a sawi a\ang te hian mahni inthunun thei tak a nih zia chiang takin kan hmu bawk. Heng hian hruaitu dinhmun a tlin zia a tarlang a, a \huihruaite rin pawh a hlawh phah a ni. Mahse, Cassius-a erawh chuan a rilru panna lai hriain Ceasar-a thahna tura hnarkaitu berah a thlem thlu thung si.

Anni baka lemchangtu dangte pawh hian he lemchan thawnthu kal zelna atan pawimawhna an nei \heuh a. An dinhmun \heuh hi he lemchanah hian a pawimawh vek tih kan hmu thei. Hei hi Shakespeare-a character din thiam zia tarlangtu chiang tak a ni awm e.

Kan sawi tawh angin Shakespeare-a hian a lemchan ziahah te hian character a ngaipawimawh zawk zel a. An mizia leh chetphung a zirin thawnthu ruangam chu a kal mai \hin. He lemchanah pawh hian Brutus-a rilru chu sawi danglamin Cassius-a chu hmanruaah a hmang a, Caesar-a thihna tur pawhin Decius-a chu bumchhuah tirin a chhak lohna zawn chu a hmang thiam hle tih kan hmu thei.

He lemchanah hian Shakespeare-a lemchan dang ang lo takin thihna kan hmu nasa hle. A lemchan dangah te hian mihring nun hi a hlut a, Pathian te rorelna chu a tragedy dangah pawh a nghak mai \hin. He lemchanah erawh hian chuan buaina lo chhuak atangin a tawp thlengin thihna kan hmu a. Pawisawi lo Portia-i leh hla phuah thiam Cinna thlengin an chungah thihna a thleng tih kan hmu.

III. III               Dialoque

            Inbiakna \awngkam hi lemchana pawimawh ber zinga mi a ni a. An thil tum leh thil thleng tur an sawina na mai ni lovin an thufing inphumrukna pawimawh tak a ni tel bawk. Dialoque hian a changtute mizia min hriattir thei a, an thu kal hmang leh lo thleng tur atan chiartu leh ngaithlatute tan phurna a siam \hin.

            He lemchana an inbiakna \awngkam kan hmuhte hi a thawnthu mil tawk zelin a ziaktu hian a kal pui a. An dinhmun leh an nihna milin \awngkam hman tir dan tawk pawh a thiam hle. Caesar-a chu mi ropui tak a nihna leh a chapona tarlanna atan \awngkam bung leh ngaihnobei lo tak tak a chhak chhuah tir a. “Min tih\haihtu leh vau zam tumtu chuan ka hnunglam chauh lo chu a hmu ngai lo vang. Caesar-a hmel an hmuh phawt chuan an bo leh duak \hin” (Act II, Scenc II, 44) tiin a ma thusawi ngei kan hmu a. Hei hian a mizia chiang takin min hrilh a ni. Cassiusa mizia Ceasar-a’n a sawi, “Lehkha a chhiar tam hle a, enthlatu fing tak, mi thiltihte chik zet maia lo thlir rengtu a ni a” (Act I, Scenc II, 14) tia a sawite hian Cassius-a mizia tur chu chiang takin min kawhhmuh thei.

            Lemchan thawnthu inbiakna \haah chuan inbiakna \awngkamah thufing tak tak an phu rum \hin. Hei hi Shakespeare-a thiamna leh a hmingthanna chhan pakhat pawh niin a alang. Act II Scenc II ah chuan Caesar-a \awngkam, “Mi dawizep chu a hnukchah hmain vawi duai lo a thi \hin! Pasl\ha erawh chuan \um khat bak thihna a tem ngai lo thung” (45) tih kan hmu a. Cassius-a’ “Mihringte hi a chang chuan mahni chanvo leh kan hun tawng tur hriltu ah kan \ang thei fo zu nia!” (Act I, Scence II, 12) te hi mihring nun darthlalang, thufing leh ngaihtuah ngun tlak khawp ril te a ni a. Heng bakah hian thu \ha tak tak an inbiakna \awngkamah hian kan hmu a ni.

            Phunrukna \awngkam (soliloquy) kan hmuhte pawh hian he lemchana dialoque hman thiam zia kan hre thei ang. Act I, Scene II-a Cassius-a’n Brutus-a kal liam hnua a thusawi, “Caesar-a pawh…ka thingtla thei tho tho ang; ka thinthlak theih loh vek erawh chuan a thak thakin kan thak tawh mai ang chu” (20) tia  a sawi te hian a hnulam chhiar leh hriat chakna min pe a mai bakah Cassius-a mizia leh Brutus-a rilru chu a hneh ngei dawn a ni tih kan hre thei. Brutus-a’n amaha a rilrua a vei leh a nhgaihtuahna a sawi chhuahte hian Caesar-a a hmangaih zia te, Rom khua leh tui a hmangaihna te leh a ma mizia ngei pawh kan hre thei a ni. Heng hi he lemchan thawnthua inbiakna \awngkam \hat zia tarlanna \ha tak a ni.

            He lemchanah hian dialoque hian \hat tawk lona kawng a nei ve bawk a. Lemchana a changtute thusawi sei tak taka han remkhawmte hian lemchan changtu tan buaina a thlen theih mai bakah a thilrtu leh chhiartute tan hriatfiah lohna a thlen thei bawk. Tin, tharum thawhna thil thleng \awngka hmanga sawi mai theih tam takte chu a taka thlen tir awm hi inbiakna \awngkama han zeh tel theih nise thil \ha zawk a niin a rinawm bawk.

III. IV              Conflict

            Conflict chu lemchan thawnthua a changtute chunga harsatna leh buaina rawn piang chhuak hi tiin a fiah ber mai awm e. He thawnthuah hian heng buaina chawhchhuahna leh rilru lam insualna tam tak kan hmu a. Heng conflict rawn awm hian a tingaihnawm mai bakah a thawnthuah chen tak tak theihna min siam sak \hin.

            Ngaihdan inpersan leh mizia inang lo inkara buaina lo awm \hin tarlan te hian lemchan hmuhnawmna a keng tel \hin. Cassius-a’n Brutus hneh tuma \anhmun a khawh laia Brutus-a lo indan dan te, Act IV, Scene III-a Cassius-a leh Brutus-a inhnialna \awngkam kan hmuh te hian an inkarah buaina thlen mai thei khawpin a sosang a, Cassius-a’n “Chu, thamna ei-ah min puh a ni maw? Nang Brutus-a hian chutiang thute I sawi ngam a maw?” (92) a han ti te hian inthurualte inkara inhmuhthiam lohna chuan buaina lian zawk rawn thlen mai tur angin minkawh hmuh a. Heng hian lemchan thawnthuah rilru pekna a thlan \hin a ni.

            Tin, Brutus-a rilru insual buai vel kan hmuhte pawh hian he thawnthu hi a ti ngaihnawm hle. “A thih zawng a \ul ngang a ni e. Keima chungchangah chuan demna chhet> pawh ka nei lo, mahse mipui chungchangah chuan demawm a nih hi” (Act II, Scene I, 28) “|hian \ha anga lang nazawng hi an \ha vek si \hin lova. Aw Caesar, Brutus-a hian a ngaihtuah \hin teh che sin aw!” (Act II, Scene II, 50) tia a sawi te hian a rilru chhungrila indona awm chu min hmuh tir thei.

            Tin, Anthony-an Caesar-a vuinaa a thusawite hian mipuite thinlungah buaina a rawn thlen a. A thusawi hmalam mipuite rilru leh Brutus-a te vengthawng chung sia a han sawi te, chumi hnulama mipuite rilru hneh tura a sawi dan leh thil tih te hian buaina a rawn siam thut a. Heng hian lemchan thawnthu ngaihnawmna thuk tak an keng a. March ni 15-a aienthiamin fimkhur tura a chahna leh khaw awmdan te hian harsatna lo thleng tur atana a thlirtute ngaihdan leh lo dawnsawn dan turah ngaihtuahna tam tak a nei tir a. Heng hi lemchan thawnthu a tih ngaihnawm avangin Aristotle-a pawhin a ngaihpawimawh ber te zinga mi a ni nghe nghe.

IV. Tragic Flow in Julius Caesar

            Lemchana a changtu pawimawhte chunga chhiatna lo thleng, an thil tih sual avanga an tawrhna hi tragic flow kan tih chu a ni. Hei hi William Shakespeare-a hian a hmang rim hle. A lemchan thawnthu ziak tam taka a changtu ber te hi an chunga chhiatna thlentu an ni fo \hin. Hei hi Greek tragedy-a an ngaihpawimawh tak pakhat a ni bawk.

            He lemchanah hian Caesar-a chunga thihna lo thleng hi a nun danin a zir loh vang a theng niin a lang a, chutiang bawkin Brutus-a leh a \huihhtruaite chunga thihna lo thleng te pawh an thil tih dik loh rah a ni ve thei bawk ang.

Greek tragedy kal hmang a\anga tehin he lemchanaha chhiatna lo thleng hi hamartia kan ti thei ang. Harmartia chu a changtuin a chapona avang emaw, mahni inrin lutukna vang emaw a thutluna a siam sual avanga chhiatna lo thleng hi a ni a. “Grik  tragedy-a hamartia chu anmahni thil tihsualin a hrin chhuah hubris or tragic flow a ni a; chu chu chapona te, mahni inrin lutukna te leh thu tluna siam sual avanga miin ke a chheh sualna ang chi sawi nan an hmang \hin” (Literature Kawngpui, 164) Julius Caesar hian a thil tihsual leh a tlin lohna hmu lova, a chhunga chhiatna lo thleng mai thei pawh chu hai derin thu tlukna a siam sual a. A tawpah chuan thihna a rawn thleng ta tih kan hmu a. Hetia a inhriat lohna avanga thutlukna dik lo siam avanga a chunga chhiatna lo thleng kha hamartia chu a ni.

            Caesar-a chunga chhiatna lo thleng tur hi a rorelna hruaitu pui ten amah an rintawk lohna vang a ni a. A nupui Culpurnia-i'n kal lo tura a ngen lawp lawpna chu “Mi dawizepte tihmualpho nana pathiante thiltih a nih chu, vawiinah hian Caesar-a chu a hlauh vanga ama ina a tawmim teh chuan ramsa, lung nei lo ang chuah chu a ni ngei ang” (Act II, Scene II, 46)  tiin mahni inringtawk takin a hnial a. A tawpah chuan, “Ka kawrfual kha min han pe teh, ka kal dawn” (49) tiin thihna chu a pan ta tih kan hmu. Hei hi aamh a inrinna avanga a tawn, a chunga chhiatna chu a ma tawn buak ngei anih zia tichiangtu a ni.

V. Protagonist Debate

            Lemchana a changtu ber, hmun pawimawh ber luahtu leh a thawnthu laimu tarlanna atan mi pawimawh ber hi protagonist chu a ni a. “Protagonist chu lemchana a role pawimawh ber changtu, a plot pawhin an mamawh leh chuta \anga \hen hran theih loh, a pumpui thua lak pawha inzial tel tlat” (Class Note, 2) tiin sawifiahna a awm bawk. Julius Caesar lemchan thawnthuah hian a changtu ber chungchangah inhnialna a tam hle a. A lemchan thawnthu kengtu Julius Caesar hi a ni tih an awm laiin Brutus-a hi protogonist nihna pe pawh an awm ve bawk. Amaherawhchu Caesar-a ber erawh Act III, Scene I ah a boral ta daih sia hian inhnialna a ti tam niin a lang.

            Julius Caesar lemchan thawnthua a changtu ber protagonish ni a lang chu, he lemchan hming neitu Julius Ceasar hi a ni. A nih theih dan chhan hrang hrang lo en dawn ila.

He lemchan hi thawnthu lungchhiat thlaka tawp chi tragedy kan tih ang kha a ni a. Tragedy lemchan reng reng, classical Tragedy a\ang tawhin lemchana a changtu ber te hming hmangin lemchan thawnthu hi hman a ni \hin. He lemchanah pawh hian Julius Caesar hi a changtu pawimawh ber a nih avangin leh a thawnthu laimu kengtu anih vangin a lemchan bu hming pawh a chawi a, a chungah chhiatna a thleng a. A tawp thlengin lang lo mah se mi pawimawh ber a ni.

A hmasa lamah kan sawi tawh zinga lemchan ruangam indin chhoh dan kal hmang (elements of drama)ah khan harsatna lo inmung chho \an a\angin a vawrhtawp a lo thlen thleng khan Ceasar-a kan hmu a. He lemchanin a tawn san lai ber thlenna chu Caesar-a chungah hian a ni. Tin, buaina lo chhuah chhan ber amah a nih avangin chu thihna chingfel tur chuan a chhan a rawn lang a, chu chu Caesar-a chhunga phiarrukna lo awm ta kha a ni. A chhan chu engpawh lo nise he lemchana hmun pawimawh ber leh lemchangtu dang, amah phiarrutu te chunga thihna thlen chhan zawng zawng kha Caesar-a vang a ni bawk.

Act III thleng chauh amh hi lo lang mah se a hnulama lan zawng zawngah a chanchin leh hming chuan hmun a luah a. Thawnthu ruangam khai dingtu leh thil thleng zawng zawng innghahna bul ber a ni.

He lemchanah hian Caesar-a leh Brutus-a hi \hian \ha leh inhmangaih tak an nih zia kan hmu chiang hle a. Brutus-a hi Caesar-a rin leh \hian \ha, a hmangaih em em a ni a, mahse hetia Caesar-a thattu zinga a tel ve mai hi Cassius-a’n a hneh vang bakah Act III Scene II a Caesar-a an thah hnua mipui zinga a thusawi a\ang hian Brutus-a dik tak Ram hmangaihtu chu a hmuh theih awm e,

Caesar-a \hian chuan engvanga Brutus-a hi Caesar-a laka hel nge a nih a hriat duh chuan, hei hi ka chhanna chu a ni e, Caesar-a ka hmangaihna hi a tlem vang ni hauh lovin Rome ka hmangaih zawk vang chauh a ni e. Caesar-a chu nung dama a awm a, Rome mite chu sal thiha an thih zawh vek ai chuan Caesar-a chu a boral a, Rome mite chu zalen taka an nun hi a hlu zawk hle lo vem mi? (70)

Hei hian an mizia leh ngaihdan a inperhsan zia a ti chiang viau. Brutus-a hian Rom hmakhua ngaiin Caesar-a; a \hian \ha leh a hmangaih chu a that ta tih kan hria a. A tawpa Brutus-a \awngkamah chuan,  “Caesar, tunah chuan thlamuang takin awm tawh rawh le. Hetia mahni ka inthat hi, nang ka that che ai khan a letin ka chak zawk a sin” (Act V. Sence V, 129) tiin a sawi a. Hei hian an in\hian\hatna a sawifiah rualin Brutus-a khan a nunna aiin Rom a hmangaih tih kan hmu tel thei bawk ang. Tin, chung zawng aia pawimawh chu hei hian Caesar-a nihna leh dinhmun a ti chiang a, he lemchan tawp thleng hian a huhang hian a chim vek a, a thih dawn darkarah pawh Brutus-a hian Caesar-a hi a la lam fan a, amah lang lo mah se a pawimawh zia chiang takin kan hmu thei. Thil zawng zawng thlenna chhan hi amah a ni a, hmun pawimawh ber luahtu a ni a, protagonist nih hi a phu ber niin a lang.

            Caesar-a thahna tur kawnga a mei-zang-hlaptu Cassius-a meuh pawhin a thih dawn darkarah chuan, “Caesar, nangmah thattu ngunhnam ngei khan i phuba a la ta e” (119) tih a sawi a. Chu thihna chu Brutus-a’n a han hmuh chuan, “Aw Julius Caesar, i va la han chak teh cheu ve le! I thlarau chu vak velin kan ngunhnam ngei chu kan hnuk chattuah i \antir thei tlat mai le!” (122) a ti thlawt mai a. Hei hian Caesar-a huhang chuan a fan hneh zia leh a thlarau chuan la chenchilh ang hialin an ngai tih kan hmu thei a. Heng zawng zawng a\ang hian Caesar-a hi he lemchan mi pawimawh ber leh khai dingtu, protagonist chu a ni tih kan sawi thei ang.

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Works Cited

Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtlung, Aizawl: Creativenture, Pune, Maharastra, 2015. Print

Lalrawna, R. Julius Ceasar, Trans. William Shakespere. Aizawl; Merryland Bool House, Bungkawn. Print

Vannghaka, K.C., Literature Kawngpui, Aizawl: Vanhlupuii, Bawmhkawn, 2010. Print.

 

Bibliography

Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtlung, Aizawl: Creativenture, Pune, Maharastra, 2015. Print

Lalrawna, R. Julius Ceasar, Trans. William Shakespere. Aizawl; Merryland Bool House, Bungkawn. Print

Lalzuithanga, F. Laisuih, Aizawl: Mizoram Publication Board, 2015. Print

Thangvunga, R. Theory of Literature,Aizawl: Department of Mizo, MZU, 2013. Print

Vannghaka, K.C., Literature Kawngpui, Aizawl: Vanhlupuii, Bawmhkawn, 2010. Print.

Web Source Format:

Mabillard, Amanda. “Julius Caesar Character Introduction.” Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug. 2000. Web. 2^nd June 2015

Mabillard, Amanda. The History and Context of "Et tu, Brute?".. Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug. 2006. Web. 3^rd June 2015

Roth, Helen M.  Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar. Shakespeare Online. 20 Nov. 2010. Web. 3^rd June 2015

Other Source

            Class Note.