James Dokhuma “Khawhar In” Thawnthua Hmeichhiate

James Dokhuma “Khawhar In” Thawnthua Hmeichhiate

- V.Lalberkhawpuimawia

I.  Thuhmahruai

Thu leh hla huangah hian thawnthu (novel) hian mihring nun a phawk chhuak chiang ber mai awm e tih theih a ni. Mizo literature huangah pawh thawnthu hian hmun a luah thuk hle a, folk-literature a\anga thlir phei chuan thawnthu lam hi a \hahnem viau mai. Thawnthu phuah thar (novel) kan neihte pawh hian kan hnam nun leh zia te, kan khawsak dan leh mihring mizia thlengin a tarlang \hin a, chutah chuan a ngaihnawmna leh hlutna a awm fo \hin.

            Mizo thawnthu phuah thar ziaktu langsar tak James Dokhuma hian Mizo thu leh hla huangah hian kuthnu a ngah hle a. Thawnthu bikah phei chuan a langsar pawl tak a la ni reng a ni. Tun \umah hian a thawnthu zinga pakhat, “Khawhar In”-a a changtu lo lang hmeichhiate dinhmun leh mizia te kan bihchiang dawn a ni.

II. Khawhar In Thawnthu

            ‘Khawhar In’ thawnthu hi James Dokhuma thawnthu ziak pahnihna kum 1970 a a ziah a ni a. He thawnthuah innghahna hun hi kum 1930 a\anga kum 1960 inkar vel niin a lang a; kum 1970 hnulam pawh a tawp lam thubelhah chuan kan hmu tel bawk. Sialsuk, Aizawl leh Lungpho khuate chu hmun  langsar ber an ni a, heng bakah hian Kawlram leh Champhai te kan hmu tel bawk.

            He thawnthuah hian a changtu ber Vantlangmuana (Vangtlangmuana)  chanchin a sawina ni ber a. An thlahtute a\anga sawiin, a pian dan leh hming phuah chhan thlengin he thawnthu bul lamah kan hmu a. Chumi hnuah a zirna bul \an dan leh ngaihzawng a neihdan te kan hmu bawk a. A changtu pawimawh lo lang leh hmasa ber chu Lalrovi a ni a. Lalrovi nen an inzui chawt hnuah inngaizawng angin an awm ta zel a. A hnuah Muana chuan a naupan deuh laia a ngaihzawn em em boral ta, Rinpuii ang maia hmel\ha leh a hmangaih Biakliani a tawng ve leh ta a. Inhmangaihna thu te an thlun hnuah buaina neuh neuh a rawn piang zel a. Muana chuan Rovi chu hmangaih chiah lo mah se a duh viau a ni tih erawh kan hmu a, amah Rovi’n a lo zir bawk a, a tawpah phei chuan nupa kawpchawi an lo ni ta a.

Tlai ni tla tur

            He thawnthu bu hming ‘Khawhar In’ tih hi a changtupa Vantlangmuana’n a ngaihzawng hmasa ber Rinpuii thih avanga an in ‘khawhar in’ lo ni ta te; Rinpui tluk hiala a hmuh leh hmangaih Biakliani a tawnna hmun chu khawhar in bawk a nih avangin he thawnthu bu hming chawitu atan hian a hmang niin a lang bawk. 

III.       ‘Khawhar In’ Hmeichhiate

            He thawnthu hi kan sawi tawh angin a changtu ber Vantlangmuana chanchin sawina a nih avangin kawng tam takah a changtu dangte an langsar vak lo va. A changtu langsar zingah Lalrovi leh Biakliani hi a pawimawh ber te zinga mi an ni ang. Anni bakah hian lo lang ve leh zeuh mi \henkhat he thawnthu tana pawimawh zualte chauh hi kan thlur bing dawn a ni.

III.I     Vanlalrovi

            Vanlalrovi hi Aizawl nula, a pa pawh Indopui pahnihna hunlaia Subedar hial lo ni tawh a ni a. ‘Pa nuntlang elhkhen leh huatthu nei lo, mi tinin an fak \heuh mihring’ (Khawhar In, 55) a ni nghe nghe. An chhungkua hi khawsak harsa lo tak an ni a, ‘mi nuntluang leh thu reng reng hi a chhana lak thiam mi tak, tumah itsikna nei si lo, nun dam thlup mai chhungkua’ (35) an ni. Rovi bakah unau pathum a nei a, an upa berin pasal a nei tawh a, Rovi nau mipa ‘sual deuh \hin’ chu Shillong-ah lehkha zirin a awm bawk a. An naupang ber Vanlalthlengi, pawl nga zirlai nen an inchhunga khawsa chu mi pali chiah an ni.

            ‘Khawhar In’ thawnthua a changtu zingah Lalrovi hi a pawimawh ber zinga mi a ni a. A lo lanna hmasaah chuan Muana te school luhnaa an \hian Zothani chuan Muana chu lo ngaizawngin Lalrovi chu ‘puar-ak’ atan a hmang a. A hnuah Lalrovi leh Muana chu an lo ‘inchulnel phah’ ta a, Lalrovin ‘a lo ngaihzawn ruk’ ve miau si a vangin chutia an inkawm viau hnuah chuan an inngaizawng chu a ni ta der!

            Lalrovi hi nula ni tawh mah se a chhungte hian an ring viau niin a lang a; nge a chhungte tan pawha tihngam loh khawp a ni zawk tih hriatthiam a har viau. A nu leh pa te hi mi nuntluang tak niin an lang a, chutih rualin an fanu khawsak dan leh chet danah erawh an inrawlh thui lo viau! Rovi hi ‘an inchhungah a lal si’ (56) a, hei vang hian an zilh ngam lo ni maiin a lang. He laia inchhungkhura ‘lal’ tia a changtupa berin a rawn sawi danah hian Lalrovi hi inchhungkhurah chuan a tawhkhirh ve hle tih kan hmu thei ang a, chutih rualin a nu leh pate pawh a zah lem lo viau bawk tih an huan kalna hmuna a awmdan a\ang hian kan hmu thei bawk. Muana lo len pawhin a nau Lalthlengi chu, ‘nang nula ah thingpui han lum ta che’ (137) tiin a inlengte thingpui pawh a nau a lumtir daih mai te hian a tih ‘lal’ hmel viau.

            Mihringah hian mize chi hrang hrang kan awm a, a tlangpuiin mize chihnih –sual leh \ha hi chu kan nei deuh vek awm e. Mahse, tam tak hian chuan kan mizia hi kan lanchhuah tir dan a hun leh hmun kan hre \hin. Lalrovi pawh hi kawng tam tak thlir chuan mi nasa ve tak a nihna hmuh tur a awm a, chutih rual erawh chuan hmeichhe fel tak a ni leh thung. Mahni \hiante ngaihzawng lo ngaihzawn sak a, nu leh pa te pawh zah nachang hre vak lo, inchngkhura lal tak, mahni \anghmahai luata mawi leh mawi lo pawh pawisa lo khawpa che chhuak rup kha a pasal mit erawh chuan, “..a fel na-laileng, a taimakna leh a kut a themthiam bakah phung a thlu thiamin laina a kai khawm thiam riau” (171) thung a. Zan khat thil thu lekah Muana nu leh pa chu ‘a lo pual a hneh em em hman mai’ (169) bawk te hian hmeichhe chhungchuang tak a nihzia a tilang chiang viau awm e.

            Rovi hi a duhnaah chuan khua a hmu meuh lo tih kan hmu thei awm e. Chhungkaw pangai tak a\anga seilian, sipai pension fanu hian a duhna kawngah chuan tlawm a hreh lo va, zahawmna a ngaipawimawh hran lo bawk. Muana hnenah ngei a ngaihzawn ruk thu sawi thawiin kawng zau tak a la hawn zui zel a. Muana duhna hriatpui viau mah se amahin Muana a duhna zawk chuan ‘kawm loh theih loh zawng hlir’ (142) maiin a khawsak tir a, ‘khawpui nula hawiharh pawl’ kha an ‘chet nawm deuhna’ (149) chuan raipuar chhungin Muana te inchhung a hruai lut thei tlat. Chutiang dinhmuna ding chung chuan a zirna kawngah lah chuan a passed leh lawi bawk si! Nau a pai tih inhre reng chunga exam a hmachhawn chung pawha khaihlak miah lova a han tlingtla thei te hi a fakawm hle (171). Tunlai huna depression kan tih nen chuan inhlat tak a ni.

            Muana hian a rilru zawng zawngin a duh chiah lo a ni tih hi a hre kar a, chu chu dingchang turin hmun a siam duh hauh lo bawk. Muana’n Biakiliani hnena palai a tirh thu thlengin a hria a, mah se chu chu a \anhmun sawhngheh nana a hmang let thiam daih te hian Muana a duhnaah chuan a inphahhniam theihzia a tarlang chiang viau a. Muana chhungte chunga a \hatna pawh hi ngaihtuah tham tak a tling awm e. Amah, Muana ngeiin heti hian a zaidamna chhan min hrilh, “In\hen ka hnial lo reng tih a hai bik lo a. Amah hmeichhe fel leh zaidam a nih ve reng bakah, a mi hmangaihna a thukin, mi \hen leh mai mai tumin min nei lo chiang bawk si. Chuvang chuan, ka thinur lohna tur zawng leh ka lungawina tur zawng hlir a ngaihtuah a. Thinrimna awm takah pawh dawhthei tak leh zaidam takin a awm lui hram hram zel” (173) tiin min hrilh a. Hei hian Lalrovi mizia chu min hrilh chiang thawkhat viau awm e. Lungawi lo leh thinrim thei lo a ni bik lo va, a duhna avangin zaidam takin a awm lui hram hram zel zawk niin alang.

            He lai thuah hian fel kan tih hi engtiang chena teh tur nge ni ang? tih hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni awm e. Nulain rai puar-ur chunga Aizawl a\anga Sialsuk thlenga  a mipa thuhmu lo a a han luhkhung ngawt te hi hmeichhe fel zia a ni chiah em? A chhunga kan hmuh hi a pasal thlirna mit a\anga lang a ni a, pawn lam \anga thlir chuan ngeiawm rawng pawh a kai thei hial mai awm e. Mahse, Muana tan erawh ‘hmeichhe fel leh zaidam’ tak a ni thung.

            A tawp lama kan hmuh lehah chuan Lalrovi rilru zauzia kan hmu leh bawk a. Liani leh Muana inkar thuhlui hre reng mah se ‘bialnu hluite chu lenpui an chakawm ngawt ang,…kan office-ah thingpui in rawn lam dawn nia..” (197) tiin Muana chu a thlah zalen ngam a. A rilru zauzia kan hmuh rualin Muana chunga rinna a nghah lenzia kan hmu tel thei bawk ang.

III.II    Biakliani

            “Khawhar In” thawnthua a changtunu pakhat zawk Biakliani hi Lungpho khaw nula fel, ‘tlangchhuak leh khawtlang pawhin khual chhawntu bera an hman \han’ (98) a ni. An chhungkua pawh ‘kohhran mi khak mai’ (168) an ni bawk.

            Biakliani hi he thawnthua a changtu ber Muana naupan laia ngaihzawng Rinpuii nena inang tak, Aizawl an lo kal \uma Muana lo hmuh thawi a ni a. An intawnna tak tak erawh Biakliani te khua, Lungpho-a ‘khawhar in’ ah a ni thung. Heta \ang hian Muana leh Biakliani te inkara hmangaihna lo piang chu kan hmu \an a. A pianphung leh hmel thlengin chiang takin a rawn tarlang a. Nula hmel\ha tak zawng a ni ngei mai, chutih rualin a mize lamah pawh sawi selna tur vang tak a ni bawk tih a changtupa sawi a\ang hian kan hmu bawk.

            He thawnthuah hian a thawnthu lai, phek 93-na vel a\angin Biakliani hi kan hmu \an a. Hun hmasa lama love at first sight an tih ang deuha an lo intawn tawhna chu ‘Khawhar Inah’ Muana nen chuan nemnghehin an lo awmta a. Chu hmunah chuan lusun chhungte leh midang pawh vengthawng hlek lovin an inkawm ta mawlh mawl mai. Hei hian Liani ze mawi lo zawk chu a rawn lan chhuah tir ngei mai. Khaw khat nula fel leh chhuanvawr ber, khawhar ina mikhual tlangval nena han inbiak ser ser reng mai chu thil mawi tak zawng a ni lo. Mikhual chhunga \hatchhuah a tum luat vang nge a hmangaihna chuan a khaw hmuh a tifiah ta lo pawh hriat a har viau.

            Liani hi Muana \awngkam takin ‘nula naran’ a ni hauh lo. Muana te \hian dun leh khawtual tlangval te inleng a neih pawhin rualtlang taka a kawm thiam te, ‘ngaihbel theih loh tur zawnga’ (107) a \awngkam thiamna leh ‘ngaino bei taka’ a inlengte a han ‘melh kual kim’ thei te hian khaw khat nula chuan vawr a nihzia a tilang thei bawk awm e.

            Tin, Bakliani miziaa kan hmuh langsar tak chu a finna hi a ni bawk. Muana chuan a thusawi duh sawi nan hun a nei tlem tih hriaiin amah a duhna chu midang anga tehkhinin a han sawi hmawr hmuh a. A tirah hrethiam nghal lo mah se mi ti ti kalphung a man hma hle hian ‘nula naran a nih lohzia a chiang hle’. (106)

            Liani’n Muana a hmangaihna leh Rovin Muana a hmangaihna hi khaikhin ralah chuan a inbuk tawk viau thei a, kan tehna a zir erawh a ni ngei ang. Liani hian Muana hi a hmangaih hle tih kan hmu a, Muana mualphona a hriat pawhin, “Hmangaihna ka nghah ngheh tawhna a nih phawt chuan an in leh lo te, an pianpui loh tlai khawhnua an piansualna te chuan duhthu sam ta chiah lo pawh ni se, kei chuan tu mah hi ka iai phal lo” (167) tiin a la chhang thei te, Muana’n a nupui \hen inhuam renga a laka a inkau pawhin, “Keimah avang chuan \hen reng reng suh ang che aw, \hen lo hram ang che. Mi nupui lan hi ka thil duh loh ber a ni a,…hlim taka awm dun turin ka duhsak em em \hin che u asin” (176) a la ti thei tlat. He hmangaihna hi nge ropui a, zaidam leh dawhthei taka a hmangaih ber sualna pawh dawh hram hram theitu hmangaihna chu? Ngaihtuah tham tak a ni awm e.

            Mihring rilru hi kan duhna zawngah chuan kan hmanhmawh thei viau a, sual pawh hi kan pawm zung zung thei. A hma lama kan sawi tawh Lalrovi chungchang ang deuh khan Biakliani pawh hian Muana’n a laka a rinawm lohna lo langchhuak tur a han hrilh chuan ‘a hmangaihna avang chuan a pawm mai a’. Mahse, nula fing a nihna erawh Muana nen an intawn tirha Muana sawmna \awngkam a chhan dan hian a tilang chiang viau bawk. Muana chuan ‘kal dun nghal mai’ a duh a, a sawm chuan, “I ti ho em mai, chu zawng tuna rel chi a nih loh chu. Kan inhmelhriatna ni pawh a la ral lo a… Inhmuh phat a damchhung thil rel fel nghal zawng a finthlakin ka ring lo” (110) tiin a chhang a. Hei hian nula fing tak, thutlukna siam mai mai ngai lo leh ngaihtuahna fim hmang mi a nihzia tichiang hle. Tin, Muana \hianpa Laia hnena a chanchin ‘dilchhut’ taka zawhna chang a hriate hi hmeichhe fing tih awma mawi a ni bawk.

            Biakliani hi mi rinawm leh thutiama ding a ni a, mahni inngaitlawm leh thuhnuairawlh tak a nihzia kan hmu bawk. Muana hnena lehkha a thawnah khan “Hmangaihna ka nghah ngheh tawhna a nih phawt chuan an in leh lo te, an pianpui loh tlai khawhnua an piansualna te chuan duhthu sam ta chiah lo pawh ni se, kei chuan tu mah hi ka iai phal lo” (167) tih kan hmu a. He thuah hian Biakliani mizia tur chu tam tak a lang thei awm e.

            Liani hian a nu leh pa chu a zahthiam hle tih a lang a. Nupui pasal inkar thuah phei chuan hmeichhe tan chuan nu leh pa thu chu thu tawp a nihna chin pawh a awm bawk. Liani pawh hian Muana sawmna a dawn kawng hrang hrangah a nu leh pa a hmchhuan zel a, an thu leh hla a ngaichang thiam hle. Tin, Muana’n a pasal neih dawna a han hmuha \uma hruai mai a duh lai pawhin, “Ka nu leh pa ka hlau tawh si” (183) tiin Muana chu duh viau mah se a nu leh pa a zahna chuan kawng dik lo leh mawi lo zawh turin huaisenna a neih tir lo tih kan hmu bawk.

III.III Mi dangte

            He thawnthuah hian Lalrovi leh Biakliani hi hmeichhe zinga a langsar berte an ni a. Anni bakah hian he thawnthu tana mi pawimawh tak tak an awm nual bawk.

            Rinpuii hi hmeichhe naupang; Muana ngaihzawng hmasa ber, a hmangaih thu erawh a hrilh hman tak loh a ni a. Ani hi a lang tam lem lo nain a hming erawh kan hmu fo a. Biakliani nena an in anna avanga Muana thinlung luahtu a nih miau avangin Rinpuii pawh hi hmeichhe naupang fel leh hmel\ha tak chu a ni ngei ang. Hmeichhe naupang dang kan hmuh, Lalrovi nau Vanlalthlengi pawh hi naupang fel tawh tak a ni bawk a. ‘hmel fel zet mai leh fingkar si, nulat la hre chiah si lo, khawsak rel engkim hrilh ngai tawh lo’ (57) a ni a. Vanlalthlengi hi \awngkam lamah chuan a duai vak bik lova, a dinhmunin a zir loh chu thudang nise, Robuanga hnena ‘I chhe liau luau’, ’thi daih rawh’, ‘min ti awm lo’ tih \awngkam a hman dan leh awphawi a\ang hian hmeichhe \awng tlem tak zawng a ni hauh lovang tih a hriat theih awm e. Ani hian Muana chhunga harsatna lo thlen kawngah te, Muan leh Lalrovi inkarah pawimawhna tam tak a nei a ni.

            Hmingpuii, Biakliani \hiannu pawh hi he thawnthuah hian a pawimawh hle. Lungpho khuaa Muana te innghahna ber an ni a, chutih rualin Muana leh Biakliani inkara puar-ak a ni bawk. Hmingpuii hi nula, khawhar ina ding ngam hial tawh, \hiante tana inpe zo tak leh nula mar zang tak a ni tih kan hmu bawk.

            A changtupa, Vantlangmuana intihtheihna ber leh a duh duha a ‘\huai thluk zen’ theih Chalkhumi kan hmu leh bawk. ‘Chalkhumi hi a hmel na na na chu a \ha khawp mai a. A pumrua a hleitlingin rilru nei deuh phei se chuan khaw khat nula chhuanvawr tling tur a ni’ (151); mahse, ‘nula fing vak lo tih takah zahna chang a hre’ (150) meuh lo va, chu chuan a \hatna a tifamkim lo tih kan hmu thei. Chalkhumi kan sawi ruala lo lang nghal chu Chalkhumi nu hi a ni bawk. Ani pawh nu ‘hmel\ha ngo sen suah mai, thatchhe si, kamtam si, mahni fate a loa luata fak hluah hluah mi’ (152) a ni ve bawk a. Anni nufa hian Tlangmuana nuna sual kawng zawhna kawng an rawn hawng zau a, an mualpho tlang dial dial bawk.

            Heng mite bakah hian Muana nu te, a farnu Ronguri te, Lalrovi nu leh Kawlram an kalnaa an thenna Kawlrammawii te pawh kan hmu tel bawk a. Heng mite pawh hi langsar vak lo mah se he thawnthu atan hian dinhmun pawimawh tak taka ding an ni hlawm.

IV.       Tlangkawmna

            Thawnthua a changtu te nun hi an \awngkam leh chet vel dan kan hmuh te, an khawsak phung leh an hmel an tarlan a\ang hian an mizia leh nihna a rawn lang chiang \hin a. Chutiang tarlang thiamte thawnthu chu a ngaihnawmin rilruah hian a cham reng fo \hin. He thawnthua kan hmuh a changtu pawh hi an nundan leh \awngkam a\ang hian hmelbel theih tur mizia chi hrang hrang kan hmu thei a. Heng hi he thawnthu tingaihnawmtu pawimawh tak a ni bawk.

            Thawnthu tingaihnawmtu chu a changtute an ni a, an chet dan leh hawi her hian a hnulama an khawsak chhoh zel dan tur min hriat chak tir \hin. An hmel awmdan leh pumrua sawifiahna te hian an mizia a hril ve \hin avangin mithlaa hmuh theih khawpa ziak chhuak thiamte hi thawnthu ziak thiam kan tih te an ni fo. He thawnthu ‘Khawhar In’ tiha a changtu hmeichhiate pawh hmel leh pianzia in ang lo tak tak, mize chi hrang hrang nei an nihna hian he thawnthu hi a tingaihnawm hle a ni.

 

 

 

Bibliography

Dokhuma, James. Khawhar In. Aizawl. R.Lalrawna, Electric Veng, Aizawl: 2015. Print

Khiangte, Laltluangliana (ed). A Study of Mizo Novel (A Souvenir of Paltinum Jubillee of Mizo Novel). Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (ISPCK) Delhi. 2014. Print

-                 Thuhlaril (Literary Trends & Mizo literature).Aizawl. College Text Book Editorial Board, MZU: 2006 (4^th Edition). Print

Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtluang (Introduction to literary Theory and Criticism). Aizawl. CreatiVenture Publication, Pune: 2015. Print

Sailo, Lalthangfala. Lunglai Hnemtu . Aizawl. Lalthangfala Sailo, Chaltlang: 2011. Print

Vannghaka, KC. Literature Zunzam. Aizawl. Vanhlupuii, Bawngkawn Aizawl: 2015. Print